Another
French recording-artist of that period was Charles
Giraud, who set out for the South Seas on a store-ship
"La Recherche" in April 1842 and in fact
became the Protectorate's official painter more than
four years later.
Giraud
returned from Tahiti with hundreds of pencil drawings,
enhanced with gouache sepia or china ink wash drawings.
The Old French Museum for Oceania in Vincennes has some
in its possession. Giraud sees a subject fit for study
in everything: his cabin and his vahine of course,
Papeete, spreading before his very eyes with its
fortifications and its small wooden houses with
verandas, the natives and their occupations. And as
for pictures of night fishing with torches or graceful
nocturnal dancing scenes, happy Polynesian parties, there was an endless series of them! He was also very
keen on nature. His drawings of the local fauna as well
as his drawings in different shades of grays sharply
accentuated with touches of ceruse were very accurate.
He plunged deep into the forest where excessive sun and
rain encouraged the growth of luscious and fantastic
vegetation, which he depicted in detail.
However
Giraud did not find Tahiti a good subject for study :
"the sun colours badly, everything is dark in the
morning and is only just acceptable in the evening"
he wrote to a friend in September 1846, "although
coconut trees are elegant but are nothing in comparison
to oak trees. I am only working on portraits. I have
painted a lot of head studies. My place is a real
picture gallery. Tati, Paraita... all the prominent men
in Tahiti pictured in full dress (unpublished letter).
The
Versailles Museum owns two Tahitian paintings by Giraud
depicting "the Capture of Fautuhua Fort, in
1847", which was one of the most extraordinary
military attacks in our colonial history: sixty two
naked men, carrying their percussion guns and wearing
their cartridge belts only, attacking a six hundred
meter high escarpment from the rear and occupying it
practically without firing a single shot, after a climb
of unparalleled audacity. "These are two
outstanding specimens of battle scenes, full of
movement, like those of Raffet, with the warmth of
Ducamp's paintings yet executed with intensity,
simplicity and a refrained spirit as the action has been
seen in its reality.
When
he returned to France in January 1848, the Duke of
Montebello who was the Minister then for the Admiralty
and the Colonies, asked if he could see Giraud's sketch
pad and the paintings he brought back from the South Sea
Islands. Almost immediately afterwards, a number of
these sketches were reproduced in the
"Illustration" as Souvenirs from Tahiti.
Following
this visit, Giraud exhibited at the Academy, in 1853,
some "Souvenirs of Tahiti"; in 1854, an
"End of the War in Tahiti", and later on a
"Portrait" of Bruat, the governor, as well as
various oil studies of "vahine". These paintings are now
scattered among private collections and we do not know
what became of them.
All
the same, you must go to the history room in the Tahiti
and Islands Museum in Punaruu and see for yourself. In
1851, the French Government, wishing to honor Pomare IV,
had given Giraud, who was then retired and living in
France, a sum of six hundred francs for a life size
portrait of Queen Pomare, painted in oil. This picture
has almost miraculously survived the carelessness of the
Pomares. It stands as a homage to Tahiti, by this
Parisian painter known in the artistic circles in the
capital as "Giraud, the Tahitian".
There
is another French name that we must not forget to
mention and that is the one of Max Radiguet, a naval
writer, attached as Secretary to Admiral Dupetit-Thouars
on board the "White Queen" in 1842. We owe a
choice of stories to Radiguet from the Marquesas and
which were first printed in the "Two worlds'
Review" in 1859 under the title of "the last
savages. Souvenirs and landscapes of the South Sea
Islands".
Radiguet
was also a sketching artist. A Parisian editor who was
re-editing his book in 1929 added fifteen more sketches,
which reproduced in black and white and much smaller,
watercolors selected from an "Album" by the
author. These prints only give us a poor idea of the
value of this collection, which was unfortunately not
edited. There were about sixty Marquesan or Tahitian
works, in pencil or watercolor, mere sketches or more
serious studies, of great documentary value.
A
few years after the appearance of Le jeune and Radiguet,
another anonymous sketching artist came into the
limelight: the Museum of African and Oceanic Arts in
fact owns a Tahitian "Album" (1846) containing
eighteen watercolor drawings, a naive graphic account of
a military tour round the island which took place at the
time of Governor de La Richerie. They depict troups
marching, quarters, local views, festivities or
receptions. The artist possesses both a sense of mass
composition as well as a taste for details.
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